Studi Eksperimental Prototipe Sistem Proteksi Motor Listrik 3 Fasa berbasis Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
Abstract
Three-phase induction motors are widely used as primary driving machines in industrial applications due to their simple construction, high efficiency, and relatively low maintenance requirements. However, three-phase induction motors are susceptible to various faults, such as overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage, phase loss, phase reversal, and overtemperature, which may cause severe damage to the motor. This study aims to design and develop a PLC-based protection system for a three-phase induction motor using the Mitsubishi FX3U-14MR PLC as the main controller, the EOCR-DS3 as the overcurrent protection device, the CHINT XJ3-D as the voltage and phase protection relay, and the REX-C100 Temperature Controller for motor temperature monitoring.The research employed an experimental method involving the design of a control panel, integration of protection devices, PLC programming, and system testing under various fault conditions. The overvoltage test results showed that the protection relay generated a trip signal when the average three-phase (R-S-T) voltage reached 402 V with the overvoltage setting adjusted to 400 V. The relay also generated a trip signal when the average three-phase voltage reached 403 V with the overvoltage setting adjusted to 415 V. In the undervoltage tests, the relay generated a trip signal when the three-phase voltage dropped to 372 V with the undervoltage setting at 380 V, and when the voltage decreased to 359 V with the undervoltage setting at 360 V. The phase loss tests on phases R, S, and T demonstrated that the protection relay successfully detected the loss of each phase based on the measured voltage conditions. The test results indicate that all protection devices and sensors operated properly and successfully detected fault conditions according to the predetermined settings. Therefore, the proposed three-phase induction motor protection system based on PLC was proven to function effectively and can improve the reliability and operational safety of the motor
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