Jurnal Karajata Engineering

Analisis Karakteristik Aliran Fluida pada Sambungan Pipa PVC dan Pipa Besi dengan Belokan 90°

Sukmasari Antaria — 2026-01-31

Fluid flow in piping systems with elbow joints often causes changes in flow characteristics that can lead to energy loss, so it is important to analyze this in the design of efficient piping systems. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of fluid flow in PVC and iron pipe joints with a 90° bend. The study was conducted experimentally from November to December 2024 using a fluid friction apparatus to observe the effect of changes in flow rate on pressure and flow velocity inside the pipe. Data were obtained by measuring the pressure upstream and downstream of the bend, then analyzed using the Reynolds number and Froude number approaches. The results showed that the characteristics of the PVC pipe joint 90° with the largest Froude number value of 0.314 while the iron pipe joint 90° with the largest Froude number value of 0.296. An increase in flow rate caused an increase in flow velocity and energy loss due to friction and changes in flow direction. The flow characteristics that occurred were in laminar and subcritical flow conditions. In addition, differences in pipe materials affect flow characteristics, with PVC pipes tending to produce less energy loss than iron pipes. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference in the analysis and design of piping systems, particularly in the use of 90° bends.

Analisis Numerik Dampak Pembangunan Jetty terhadap Dinamika Morfologi di Muara Sungai Jeneberang dengan Model Delft3D

Israil — 2026-01-31

The Jeneberang River plays a vital role in flood control for Makassar City and Gowa Regency. However, it faces severe sedimentation problems following the landslide at Mount Bawakaraeng, which released approximately 200 million m³ of mud and sand into downstream areas. Sedimentation at the estuary reduces the river’s discharge capacity to the sea and significantly disrupts fishing vessel accessibility in the Tanjung Bunga area. This study aims to analyze coastal morphological dynamics and evaluate the effectiveness of jetty construction in controlling sediment accumulation using numerical simulations with Delft3D. The data employed include bathymetry, tides, currents, and sediment characteristics obtained from BMKG and Ina-Geoportal. Simulation results indicate substantial sediment buildup at the estuary prior to jetty construction. After the jetty was introduced, sediment concentration at the river mouth decreased markedly from 1.4 kg/m³ to 0.16 kg/m³ by the end of the simulation period. Morphologically, the jetty reduces current energy and alters sediment transport pathways, thereby maintaining the stability of the navigation channel. The novelty of this study lies in its quantitative evaluation of jetty effectiveness under extreme sediment supply conditions caused by large-scale upstream landslides, providing numerical-based evidence for jetty performance in highly sediment-laden estuaries. These findings confirm that jetty construction is an effective engineering solution to sustain navigation channels and support the continuity of local fishing activities.

Evaluasi Efektivitas Soil Bioengineering Berbasis Vegetasi Pinus terhadap Pengendalian Sedimen di Lereng DAS Jene’berang

Mahmuddin — 2026-01-31

The Jene'berang River Basin is one of the main river basins in South Sulawesi Province, which has a high level of sedimentation and landslide vulnerability due to a combination of factors, including steep topography, unstable soil types, high rainfall, and changes in land use. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of applying pine vegetation-based bioengineering technology in sediment control in the Jene'berang-Jenelata watershed. The research method was conducted from January to June 2025 through field observations, spatial analysis using Geographic Information Systems and measurements of sediment landslide volumes at several variations of pine vegetation planting distances. The parameters analyzed included soil classification, land activity, slope gradient, rainfall, and sediment landslide volume. The results showed that the application of bioengineering had an effect on sediment control, with variations in vegetation planting distance affecting the volume of landslides that occurred. Wider planting distances showed higher sediment retention efficiency compared to very dense planting distances. The appropriate and integrated application of bioengineering technology with the physical characteristics of the watershed is expected to be a sustainable solution for sediment control and landslide mitigation in the Jene'berang watershed.

Infiltrasi Petroleum Hydrocarbon pada Air Sumur Gali di Jalan X Kecamatan Gresik

Hasti Suprihatin — 2026-02-02

Groundwater obtained from dug wells serves as the main domestic water source for communities along Jalan X, Kecamatan Gresik. Recently, oil contamination detected in several wells has raised significant environmental and public health concerns, while the pollution source has not been clearly identified. This study aims to assess Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon or TPH concentrations in dug well water and to determine the primary source of contamination. A case study with a descriptive quantitative approach was conducted through field observations and laboratory analysis of groundwater samples from three affected wells. TPH levels were measured using gas chromatography–flame ionization detector or GC-FID and evaluated against drinking water quality standards established by the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation No. 32 of 2017. The results showed TPH concentrations up to 2.5 mg/L, exceeding the safe drinking water threshold by 25-fold. The major finding identifies the contamination source as a leaking domestic drainage channel located only six meters from the wells, which violates the standard safe distance. This channel carries hydrocarbon waste from adjacent vehicle workshops, infiltrating the shallow aquifer. Therefore, immediate reconstruction of the drainage using pre-cast U-ditch and provision of a piped water system are necessary to protect community health.

Strategi Peningkatan Kapasitas Tampung Reservoir Air Hujan untuk Mengatasi Krisis Air Minum di Desa Jaya

Thamrin Husain — 2026-05-09

This study aims to develop strategies to enhance the storage capacity of rainwater reservoirs to address the drinking water crisis in Jaya Village. The research employs a qualitative-descriptive and quantitative-applicative approach, focusing on analyzing rainfall data, calculating daily water needs, and designing optimal reservoir dimensions. Data were collected from CHIRPS (Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station Data), field observations, and interviews with villagers. The results show that the existing reservoir capacity is insufficient to meet water demands during the dry season. Calculations based on extreme rainfall events and household needs indicate that a communal reservoir with a capacity of 54 m³ is required to sustain the village for seven dry months. The proposed reservoir design features a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 4.8 meters and a height of 3 meters, optimized for stability and maintenance. The study highlights the potential of rainwater harvesting as a sustainable solution to water scarcity, emphasizing the integration of technical, social, and environmental considerations. The findings contribute to the development of community-based water management systems adaptable to climate change and local challenges.

Analisis Pola Aliran dan Muka Air Tanah di Irigasi Bili-Bili Menggunakan Surfer 25

Nurnawaty — 2026-06-11

Groundwater is essential for supporting irrigation activities and agricultural sustainability. The presence of secondary irrigation canals can influence groundwater flow patterns and groundwater level conditions in the surrounding areas. This study aims to analyze the groundwater flow pattern and changes in groundwater table elevation around the secondary canal in the Bili-Bili Irrigation Area, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi. The research used a quantitative descriptive method through field observations and groundwater measurements at several observation points. The collected data included coordinates, land elevation, and groundwater depth, which were analyzed using Surfer 25 software to generate contour maps and determine groundwater flow directions. The results showed that groundwater flow patterns initially spread irregularly, but later became more directed toward the secondary canal, indicating that the canal functions as a groundwater discharge zone. Groundwater table elevation changes ranged from 34 cm to 44.9 cm between upstream and downstream areas. These findings indicate that hydraulic gradients and topographic conditions affect groundwater movement around irrigation channels.